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Sniper Reference

Mil-relation range, BLIR / loophole offset, ballistic coefficients, and field conversions.

Mil-Relation Calculator

Formulas

Range = (Target Size" x 25.4) / Mil Size
Range (m) = (Target Size (m) x 1000) / Mil Size
Target Size" = (Range x Mil Size) / 25.4
Mil Size = (Target Size" x 25.4) / Range

BLIR Calculator (Loophole)

Formula

BLIR = (HOB x 70) / Feet From Loophole

BLIR Rules of Thumb

5ft or lessAdd 5 mils
10ftAdd 4 mils
15ftAdd 3 mils
20ft or moreAdd 2 mils

1 mil every 10ft = 0.12 inches | .308 bullet is 0.15" from center wide
Loopholes > HO: put target on top and shoot

Ballistic Coefficients (G1)

CartridgeG1 BC
MK262 (.223).362
M118LR (.308).475
A191 (.300WM).533
MK211 (.50).701

G1 to G7 conversion: G1 x 0.512

Average Muzzle Velocities

PlatformMV (fps)
M242650
M20102950
M1102550

High Angle Shooting

AngleHold Adjustment
30 degreesShoot 85% of actual hold
45 degreesShoot 66% of actual hold
60 degreesShoot 50% of actual hold - 0.08 mils

Wind Analysis

Speed (mph)Indicator
0-3Hardly felt on face
3-5Felt lightly on face
5-8Tree leaves in constant motion
8-12Raises dust and loose paper
12-15Small trees begin to sway
15-20Large trees begin to sway, wind becomes audible
MOA Wind Deflection Formula

Deflection (MOA) = Range (100s) x Wind Velocity (mph) / 10

Measurements & Conversions

Mil/MOA

1 Mil3.438 TMOA
1 Mil3.5 SMOA
1 Mil3.936"
1 Mil (field)4" (deviation: 0.64" @ 1000m)
1 TMOA0.29 mils
1 SMOA0.3 mils
1 TMOA @ 100m1.145"
1 SMOA @ 100m1"
1 TMOA @ 100yd1.047"

Distance

1 inch2.54 cm
1 cm0.3937 in
1 foot0.3048 m
1 meter1.0936 yd
1 yard0.9144 m
1 meter3.2808 ft
1 mile1.6093 km
1 km0.6213 mile

Truing Process

StepAction
1st TrueSpeed of sound x 1.2 (Update MV)
2nd True(Mach 1.0 - Mach 1.2) x 0.75 + Mach 1.2 (find range limit before C1 changes)
3rd TrueBeginning of subsonic + 200m (update using C1)

Miscellaneous Reference

Cant EffectEvery 2.5 deg of cant = 0.05 mil in direction of cant every 100m
Max OrdRange to target x 0.55
SupersonicFaster than speed of sound, ends at Mach 1.0
TransonicMach 1.2 - 0.8 (transitional stage)
SubsonicStarts at Mach 1.0
Speed of Sound (Mach 1.0)1061 + temp of day (fps)
FTB350 mps
Altitude EffectEvery 1000ft gained = 1" inHg
Sea Level BP29.9" inHg

RET (Rapid Engagement Technique)

Finding Your RET Number

1. After truing weapon system, find actual holds for ranges: 380m, 440m, 510m, 610m
2. Add actual holds to milsize for given range to find RET number
3. Average the 4 RET numbers = your RET number

Range (m)Milsize (12")
3800.8
4400.7
5100.6
6100.5

.308: Usually a 10 gun at 12" drill
.300WM: Usually a 9 gun at 12" drill
12": Measured from top of head to curvature of shoulders
For 20": Take mil size, cut in half, subtract 9 (for 10 gun) or 8 (for 9 gun)
Wind Bracket 1: RET hold (decimal) + 0.2

Report Formats

GOSS (Ground Objective Surveillance)

SO#/TRGTNAME/DTG/GRID/GOSS#OF#
Breach point | LCC | Routes LU->VDO/Staging area->LCC/LCC->Breach
Obstacles (ground and air) | SO Location (day and night)
North seeking arrow | Sector of fire | # buildings starting w/ target moving clockwise

GSS (Ground Structure Surveillance)

SO#/TRGTNAME/DTG/GRID/DIRECTION/DIST/BUILDINGSIDE/GSS#OF#
North seeking arrow | Building dimensions (ft) | Breach Points
Opening # System | Obstacles | Roof Identification

ANGUS (Activity Notification)

SO element + OBJ Name | SO location (8 dig MGRS)
Casualties/Disposition of Team | Location of MSS/PB (8 dig MGRS)
DTG Surveillance established | Additional Info

BORIS (Biometric/Observation Report)

SO#/TRGTNAME/DTG/BORIS#OF#
Size | Activity | Location | Unit | Time
Equipment | Sex | Nationality | Age | Physical Description

SNAP (Short Notification of Activity/Persons)

SO#/TRGTNAME/DTG/SNAP#OF#
Sex | Nationality | Age | Physical Description

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