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Volume V sources

Articles

288 sources

Each article's sources, in the order the article cites them.

  1. A Primer to Austere Medicine
  2. How the U.S. Lost the Drone Wars
  3. Wardriving: Pattern of Life
  4. Plan, Prepare, Rehearse, Command
  5. Powering the Front
  6. The Homegrown Intelligence Cell
  7. Golden Hour Offset
  8. Tactical Decision Game

A Primer to Austere Medicine

9 sources
  1. American Heart Association, "Part 7: Adult Basic Life Support: 2025 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care," Circulation, 2025, DOI 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001369.
  2. MedlinePlus, "Vital Signs," MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia, U.S. National Library of Medicine, January 1, 2025.
  3. MedlinePlus, "Pulse," MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia, U.S. National Library of Medicine, January 1, 2025.
  4. MedlinePlus, "Pulse Oximetry," MedlinePlus Medical Tests, U.S. National Library of Medicine, September 12, 2024.
  5. MedlinePlus, "Capillary Nail Refill Test," MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia, U.S. National Library of Medicine, May 19, 2025.
  6. MedlinePlus, "Rapid Shallow Breathing," MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia, U.S. National Library of Medicine, April 1, 2025.
  7. Wikipedia, "AVPU," Wikipedia, October 17, 2026, revision 1380668111.
  8. American Red Cross, "BLS Training: Get BLS Certification," Red Cross.
  9. American Heart Association, "Heartsaver First Aid CPR AED," AHA CPR and First Aid.

How the U.S. Lost the Drone Wars

43 sources
  1. U.S. Air Force, "MQ-9 Reaper," Air Force fact sheet, January 2025.
  2. David Hambling, "New RUSI Report: Drones Now Inflicting Two Thirds Of Russian Losses," Forbes, February 18, 2025.
  3. Richard Thomas, "Drones now account for 80% of casualties in Ukraine-Russia war," Army Technology, April 8, 2025.
  4. Jakub Jajcay, "I Fought in Ukraine and Here's Why FPV Drones Kind of Suck," War on the Rocks, June 26, 2025.
  5. Lesia Bidochko, "How Ukraine Became a Drone Superpower," Just Security, June 1, 2026.
  6. Tim Zadorozhnyy, "Ukraine on track to receive total of 3 million FPV drones in 2025, defense minister says," The Kyiv Independent, December 24, 2025.
  7. National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, "Results of Ukraine's Defense Industry in 2025: FPV Drones," National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, January 23, 2026.
  8. Dylan Malyasov, "What Ukraine's drones really cost," The Defence Blog, July 2, 2025.
  9. Kerry Stevenson, "Secret Decentralized 3D Printing Networks Supply Drone Parts to Ukraine at Scale," Fabbaloo, April 15, 2026.
  10. "From the living room to the front: volunteers print drone and bomb parts for Ukraine across Europe," 3Druck.com, April 16, 2026.
  11. Secretary of Defense, "Unleashing U.S. Military Drone Dominance," memorandum, July 10, 2025.
  12. Corey Dickstein, "'Gloves are coming off': Hegseth orders military to quickly buy, incorporate small, cheap drones into formations," Stars and Stripes, July 11, 2025.
  13. Valerie Insinna, "Drone Dominance: Pentagon to order 30,000 one-way drones in 'next few days'," Breaking Defense, March 5, 2026.
  14. Jon Harper, "Pentagon could award just 3 vendors for biggest phase of Drone Dominance Program," DefenseScoop, February 13, 2026.
  15. Brandi Vincent, "Pentagon's growing list of 'made in America' drones has a loophole for certain parts made in China," DefenseScoop, November 20, 2025.
  16. Unusual Machines, "Donald Trump Jr. Joins Unusual Machines as an Advisor," press release, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, November 27, 2024.
  17. NW Blue, "Unusual Machines," "Unusual Machines UM2207 1860KV Motor" and "Unusual Machines UM3115 900KV Motor," product listings, NW Blue, accessed October 15, 2026.
  18. Miriam McNabb, "The Next Drone Supply Chain Challenge: Rare Earth Magnets," DRONELIFE, June 10, 2026.
  19. Ministry of Commerce and General Administration of Customs of the People's Republic of China, "Announcement No.18 of 2025 Announcing the decision to implement export control on some medium and heavy rare earth related items," MOFCOM, April 4, 2025.
  20. Miriam McNabb, "China's Rare Earth Export Restrictions: What They Mean for the U.S. Drone Industry," DRONELIFE, April 15, 2025.
  21. Trivium China, "Export controls drive China's REE magnet exports to five-year low," Trivium China, June 23, 2025.
  22. Haye Kesteloo, "US Drone Maker Skydio Faces Critical Supply Chain Crisis After Chinese Sanctions," DroneXL, October 30, 2024.
  23. Adam Bry, "China's Sanctions on Skydio," Skydio, October 30, 2024.
  24. President of the United States, "Unleashing American Drone Dominance," Executive Order 14307, Federal Register, signed June 6, 2025; published June 11, 2025, 90 FR 24727, secs. 7 and 9.
  25. Defense Innovation Unit, "DIU's Blue UAS List To Transition to DCMA," Defense Innovation Unit, December 3, 2025.
  26. Federal Communications Commission, Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau, "Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau Announces Addition of Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) and UAS Critical Components Produced Abroad, and Equipment and Services Listed in Section 1709 of the FY2025 NDAA, to FCC Covered List," Public Notice DA 25-1086, December 22, 2025.
  27. Federal Communications Commission, Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau, "Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau Announces Exemption of Certain Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) and UAS Critical Components from FCC Covered List," Public Notice DA 26-22, January 7, 2026.
  28. Federal Communications Commission, Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau, "FCC's Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau Announces Extension of Conditional Approvals and Exemption of Certain Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) and UAS Critical Components from FCC Covered List," Public Notice DA 26-761, July 21, 2026.
  29. C. Todd Lopez, "War Department asks industry to make more than 300K drones, quickly, cheaply," U.S. Army, December 3, 2025.
  30. U.S. Government Accountability Office, "F-35 Sustainment: Costs Continue to Rise While Planned Use and Availability Have Decreased," GAO-24-106703, April 15, 2024.
  31. U.S. Department of Defense Office of Inspector General, "Audit of C-17 Spare Parts Pricing," DODIG-2025-009, October 25, 2024.
  32. John M. Donnelly, "Lawmakers request review of two defense industry acquisitions," Roll Call, July 1, 2024.
  33. U.S. Department of Defense Office of Inspector General, "Audit of the Business Model for TransDigm Group Inc. and Its Impact on Department of Defense Spare Parts Pricing," DODIG-2022-043, December 13, 2021.
  34. Thomas Novelly, "Air Force Overcharged 7,943% for C-17 Hand Soap Dispensers, Watchdog Finds," Military.com, October 30, 2024.
  35. TransDigm Group, "TransDigm Comments on DOD IG Report," press release, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, December 13, 2021.
  36. Stephen Losey, "What Each F-35 Variant Really Costs Right Now," Air & Space Forces Magazine, September 3, 2026.
  37. Lockheed Martin, "F-35 Breaks Delivery Record, Continues Combat Success in 2025," Lockheed Martin, January 7, 2026.
  38. Dmytro Shumlianskyi, "Ukraine Develops 12-Gauge Anti-Drone Cartridges," Militarnyi, March 29, 2026.
  39. Amos Chapple, "Hunting The Hunters: FPV Drone-Killing Devices Emerge On Ukraine's Front Lines," Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, April 22, 2026.
  40. Giorgio O, "An Old School Solution to a Very Modern Threat: Shotguns vs Drones," The Firearm Blog, February 4, 2025.
  41. Joseph Trevithick, "U.S. Air Force Buying Special Drone-Snagging Shotgun Shells," The War Zone, updated June 29, 2019.
  42. National Presto Industries, "Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017," U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, March 16, 2018, Item 1.
  43. "12ga Skynet Drone Defense, Product Code: ALS12SKYMi-9," product specification sheet, Global Ordnance.

Wardriving: Pattern of Life

14 sources
  1. "Wi-Fi Study Guide," December 2019, pp. 10-12.
  2. Jeremy Martin et al., "A Study of MAC Address Randomization in Mobile Devices and When it Fails," Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2017, no. 4: 365-383, DOI 10.1515/popets-2017-0054.
  3. Wikipedia, "MAC address," Wikipedia, October 26, 2026.
  4. IEEE Registration Authority, "MA-L assignment 00-23-45, Sony Corporation," IEEE Registration Authority public listing.
  5. Apple, "Wi-Fi privacy with Apple devices," Apple Platform Security, December 19, 2024.
  6. Android Open Source Project, "WifiConfigManager.java," Android Wi-Fi module source, android16-qpr2-release, retrieveHiddenNetworkList, lines 3255-3287.
  7. Apple, "Apple and Google deliver support for unwanted tracking alerts in iOS and Android," Apple Newsroom, May 13, 2024.
  8. Google, "Google and Apple deliver support for unwanted tracking alerts in Android and iOS," Google Security Blog, May 13, 2024.
  9. Apple, "Use private Wi-Fi addresses on Apple devices," Apple Support, December 5, 2025.
  10. Erik Rye and Dave Levin, "Surveilling the Masses with Wi-Fi-Based Positioning Systems," IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy 2024, arXiv:2405.14975, submitted May 23, 2024, secs. 9-10.
  11. Android Open Source Project, "MAC randomization behavior," Android OS core topics, October 9, 2026.
  12. WiGLE, "Frequently Asked Questions," WiGLE.
  13. Apple, "About privacy and Location Services in iOS, iPadOS, and watchOS," Apple Support, May 20, 2026.
  14. Google, "Control access point inclusion in Google's Location services," Google Maps Help.

Plan, Prepare, Rehearse, Command

55 sources
  1. Liam Collins, Jayson Geroux, and John Spencer, "Urban Warfare Project Case Study #16: Mumbai Terrorist Attacks," Modern War Institute at West Point, November 26, 2025.
  2. James Glanz, Sebastian Rotella and David E. Sanger, "In 2008 Mumbai Attacks, Piles of Spy Data, but an Uncompleted Puzzle," The New York Times (with ProPublica and Frontline), December 21, 2014.
  3. Supreme Court of India, judgment in "Mohammed Ajmal Amir Kasab v. State of Maharashtra," August 29, 2012.
  4. U.S. Army, ATP 3-21.8, Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad, January 11, 2024, paras. 1-20, 2-2, 2-8 and its note, 2-12, 2-14 and its note, 2-23 to 2-25, 2-120 to 2-123, the note on p. 1-8, table 2-3 and figure 2-1.
  5. Sebastian Rotella, "Pakistan and the Mumbai Attacks: The Untold Story," ProPublica (with The Washington Post), November 14, 2010.
  6. Wikipedia, "Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus" and "Cama and Albless Hospital," page coordinates, copies of October 23, 2026.
  7. Brandon Del Pozo, "Report from Mumbai: Analysis of the November 2008 Terrorist Attack," New York City Police Department, Intelligence Division, December 2008.
  8. Jason Motlagh, "Sixty Hours of Terror," Virginia Quarterly Review, November 17-19, 2009, Part III, "It's Do or Die" (with its photograph credits), and Part V, "By the Grace of Allah."
  9. Siddharth Varadarajan, "Telephone trail key part of evidence shared with Pakistan," The Hindu, January 7, 2009.
  10. U.S. Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, "Lessons from the Mumbai Terrorist Attacks," S. Hrg. 111-581, Parts I and II, January 8 and 28, 2009.
  11. Joseph I. Farina, "Cyberspace in the Megacity: Thickening the Fog of War?," in Complex Terrain: Megacities and the Changing Character of Urban Combat, Marine Corps University Press, 2019, chapter 8, pp. 181-211.
  12. Lauren Kent, Svitlana Vlasova, Victoria Butenko and Katharina Krebs, "Ukrainian Defense Ministry says Starlink terminals used by Russia in Ukraine are 'cut off'," CNN, February 5, 2026.
  13. Kateryna Bondar and Nicole Errera, "From Shahed to Geran: How Russia Continues to Reinvent the One-Way Attack Drone," Center for Strategic and International Studies, September 4, 2026.
  14. "Mesh network: how Russian Shaheds use it, and the countermeasure Ukraine has found," Defender Media, July 28, 2026.
  15. Wikipedia, "Starlink in the Russo-Ukrainian war," revision 1380841003 of October 18, 2026.
  16. Electronic Frontier Foundation, "Automated License Plate Readers (ALPRs)," Street Level Surveillance.
  17. Electronic Frontier Foundation, "Cell-Site Simulators / IMSI Catchers," Street Level Surveillance.
  18. Jack Watling and Nick Reynolds, "Tactical Developments During the Third Year of the Russo-Ukrainian War," Royal United Services Institute, February 2025.
  19. U.S. Army, FM 3-12, Cyberspace Operations and Electromagnetic Warfare, August 2021, para. 2-59.
  20. Jason Koebler, "CBP Had Access to More than 80,000 Flock AI Cameras Nationwide," 404 Media, August 25, 2025.
  21. Joint Interagency Task Force 401, Small Drones, Big Problems: A First Principles Approach to Countering-UAS, June 18, 2026, chapters 1, 2, 5 and 6.
  22. Capt. Jennifer French, "Paratrooper innovation: 173rd Airborne boosts tactical edge, develops organic drone lab," DVIDS, May 8, 2025.
  23. European Commission and High Representative, "Defence Readiness Roadmap 2030," joint communication, October 16, 2025.
  24. Nicholas Slayton, "The Army is going to buy a million drones," Task & Purpose, November 7, 2025.
  25. Rachel Jewett, "FCC Grants SpaceX Approval for 15,000 Direct-to-Device Satellites in MSS Spectrum," Via Satellite, October 7, 2026.
  26. U.S. Army, TC 3-21.76, Ranger Handbook, April 2017, paras. 2-1 to 2-15.
  27. Randi Stenson and Ted Crisco, "Combined Arms Center launches new mission command doctrine," Army.mil, August 23, 2019 (on ADP 6-0, released August 8, 2019).
  28. Josiah M. Turner, "Tactical Communication Survivability in the Hyper-Lethal Battlespace," No. 26-1171, Transformation and Lessons Learned Manager-Army, U.S. Army Combined Arms Command, July 2026, pp. 1-4.
  29. Don Rassler and Yannick Veilleux-Lepage, "On the Horizon: The Ukraine War and the Evolving Threat of Drone Terrorism," CTC Sentinel, Combating Terrorism Center at West Point, vol. 18, no. 3, March 2025.
  30. Brendan McBreen, ed., "SIGMAN EP EMCON SOP: A Guide to Reduce Technical Signature," Marine Corps Intelligence Schools, November 1, 2020, pp. 2-26 to 2-27.
  31. Armed Forces of Ukraine, "Security of Communications Equipment on the Battlefield," training presentation in Ukrainian, 2024, as given in the library's English summary.
  32. Maria Kolomychenko, "How Far Will the Kremlin Take Its Internet Crackdown?," Carnegie Politika, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, December 16, 2025.
  33. Meduza, "How Russia's new Telegram restrictions threaten self-inflicted damage to the army's frontline communications," February 10, 2026.
  34. Sophie Tanno and Anna Chernova, "Russia says it has blocked WhatsApp amid wider clampdown on social media," CNN, February 12, 2026.
  35. U.S. Army, ATP 6-02.53, Techniques for Tactical Radio Operations, January 7, 2016, paras. 12-16 to 12-18.
  36. U.S. Army, ATP 3-21.50, Infantry Small-Unit Mountain and Cold Weather Operations, August 27, 2020, para. 5-103.
  37. Noah Axon, "Design Your Communication Strategy," Light Fighter Manifesto, Volume III.
  38. SpaceX, Starlink Mini specifications, as reproduced in Network Innovations, "Starlink Mini" product sheet.
  39. Signal Foundation, "Specifications" (X3DH and Double Ratchet).
  40. Mark Qvist, "Reticulum Network Stack Manual," release 1.4.2, July 26, 2026, chapter 1 and sections 1.3, 1.4, 8.8 and 9.1.1.
  41. TAK Product Center, "ATAK-CIV (Civil Use)," Google Play.
  42. Meshtastic, "Introduction," Meshtastic documentation, version 2.8, glossary entry "LoRa."
  43. Semtech, "LoRa Connect Transceiver, SX1278, 137MHz to 525MHz," product page.
  44. Meshtastic, "LoRa Configuration," Meshtastic documentation, version 2.8, region table.
  45. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, secs. 15.247 and 97.113(a)(4), Legal Information Institute.
  46. Starlink Help Center, "What is bypass mode?" and "Can I use my own router with the Starlink Mini?"
  47. Signal Support, "Can I use Signal when I travel?" and "Dual Sim."
  48. TAK Product Center, ATAK Software User Manual, Version 5.1.
  49. "ATAK Quick Reference Guide," training slides, "Setting Reporting Strategy."
  50. WinTAK Software User Manual, Version 5.0, December 13, 2023, "My Preferences."
  51. Dan Black, "Signals of Trouble: Multiple Russia-Aligned Threat Actors Actively Targeting Signal Messenger," Google Threat Intelligence Group, February 20, 2025.
  52. Wikipedia, "United States government group chat leaks," accessed October 18, 2026.
  53. "RTO Basics Course: Radio Theory and PACE Planning," training slides, "PACE Planning" and "Developing the SMARTPACK" slides.
  54. Wikipedia, "Net operation," revision of June 4, 2026.
  55. Light Fighter Manifesto, Support Operations Course, "SOC student guide: course guide," class 2027-01, copy of October 28, 2026.

Powering the Front

50 sources
  1. Andrew B. Hagen, John P. Cangialosi, Marc Chenard, Laura Alaka and Sandy Delgado, "Hurricane Helene (AL092024)," Tropical Cyclone Report, National Hurricane Center, February 17, 2026.
  2. Kim Dinan, "Mountain Town Confronts an Unexpected Public Health Catastrophe," KFF Health News, October 18, 2024.
  3. Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, "HHS emPOWER Program" and "About emPOWER Map."
  4. Gavin Blackburn, "Russia's new energy assault strategy pushes Ukraine into another winter of blackouts," Euronews (with AP), October 22, 2025.
  5. Department of the Army, ATP 3-34.45, "Electric Power Generation and Distribution," February 5, 2024, as cited in CALL No. 26-1116.
  6. Joseph Serowik and Jakub Szulczyk, "Powering the Front: Tactical Energy Delivery and Management in the Ukraine War," CALL No. 26-1116, Center for Army Lessons Learned, March 2026.
  7. Light Fighter Manifesto, "Techno Guerrilla Module 02: Electronics," lightfightermanifesto.org.
  8. Wikipedia, "Watt," revision of September 26, 2026.
  9. Wikipedia, "Kilowatt-hour," revision of October 6, 2026.
  10. Light Fighter Manifesto, "Techno Guerrilla Module 05: Power," lightfightermanifesto.org.
  11. Sean McLachlan and Todd Goodson, "Best Practices on Operationalizing Battlefield Energy," CALL 25-1085, Army.mil, August 18, 2025.
  12. Cobra Electronics, "Pure Sine 400W Power Inverter," owner's manual, Version A, 2020.
  13. Saulius Rimutis, "Lessons of War: Ukraine's Energy Infrastructure Damage, Resilience and Future Opportunities," Eastern Europe Studies Centre, May 10, 2024, page 14, as cited in CALL No. 26-1116.
  14. Wikipedia, "Wet stacking."
  15. SpaceX, "Starlink Mini Specifications," specification sheet.
  16. Hytera, "PD78X," product specifications.
  17. Goal Zero, "Lighthouse 600 Camping Lantern," product page.
  18. Walmart, "EverStart Lead Acid Marine and RV Deep Cycle Battery, Group Size 27DC, 12 V, 750 MCA," product listing.
  19. Department of the Army, TC 3-90.10, "Brigade Combat Team Cover, Concealment, and Camouflage," June 25, 2026.
  20. Wikipedia, "Inverse-square law."
  21. Wikipedia, "Synthetic-aperture radar," revision 1379863967.
  22. Josiah M. Turner, "Tactical Communication Survivability in the Hyper-Lethal Battlespace," No. 26-1171, Transformation and Lessons Learned Manager-Army, U.S. Army Combined Arms Command, July 2026, pp. 2-3.
  23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Carbon Monoxide (CO) Poisoning Basics," October 26, 2026.
  24. American Red Cross, "Safe Generator Use," developed with technical advice from the CDC, the National Fire Protection Association and the CPSC.
  25. USDA Forest Service, "Forests of Georgia, 2023: FIA Annual Snapshot," Resource Update FS-592, October 2025.
  26. Department of the Army, TC 21-3, "Soldier's Handbook for Individual Operations and Survival in Cold-Weather Areas," September 30, 2025, paras. 5-7 and 5-54.
  27. National Park Service, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, "Weather," October 23, 2024.
  28. Department of the Army, TC 3-97.61, "Military Mountaineering," November 26, 2025.
  29. Department of the Army, ATP 3-21.50, "Infantry Small-Unit Mountain and Cold Weather Operations," July 29, 2025, paras. 1-41, 2-53, and 6-32.
  30. Department of the Army and U.S. Marine Corps, ATP 3-90.96 / MCTP 12-10E, "Arctic and Extreme Cold Weather Operations," incorporating Change 2, March 17, 2026, para. 1-176.
  31. Department of the Army and U.S. Marine Corps, ATP 3-90.99 / MCTP 12-10D, "Desert Operations," incorporating Change 1, June 24, 2025, paras. 1-2, 1-29, 1-47, 1-48, 1-103, 1-125, 1-126 and 4-69.
  32. Starlink, "Does Starlink Mini support power over ethernet?," Starlink Help Center, 2026.
  33. Starlink, "Can I use my own router with the Starlink Mini?," Starlink Help Center, 2026.
  34. Starlink, "What is bypass mode?," Starlink Help Center, 2026.
  35. European Commission Joint Research Centre, "PVGIS 5.3," grid-connected PV calculation for Kyiv, 0.1 kW at the optimal fixed tilt, 14 percent system loss.
  36. Anker, "Anker SOLIX C1000 Portable Power Station," product page and user guide (A1761).
  37. Jackery, "User Manual, Jackery Explorer 1000 (JE-1000D)," Australian edition, hosted by Mr. Solar.
  38. EcoFlow, "DELTA 2 User Manual," undated.
  39. ResMed, "AirSense 11 DC/DC Converter," product page, Resmed Shop UK.
  40. Federal Emergency Management Agency, "Power Outages," Ready.gov, June 4, 2026.
  41. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, "Information Regarding Insulin Storage and Switching Between Products in an Emergency," September 28, 2026.
  42. Margreet Leeftink, "Wiring Unlimited," rev. 04, Victron Energy, August 2026.
  43. Victron Energy, "SmartSolar MPPT 75/10 up to 100/20," manual, section 4.6, "Electrical connections."
  44. NOCO, "GC017 12V Plug Socket with Battery Clamps," product page and specifications; Walmart, product listing.
  45. Anker, "Anker Nano Car Charger (167.5W, 3 Ports)," A2737 quick start guide; Walmart, product listing.
  46. Schumacher Electric, "SC1282 Battery Charger and Maintainer," owner's manual; Walmart, product listing.
  47. REDARC Electronics, "Why you should not charge a lithium battery below 0°C or 32°F," REDARC North America product support.
  48. DJI, "DJI Air 3 Battery Charging Hub," DJI Store.
  49. Starlink, "What USB power rating do I need to power my Starlink Mini?," Starlink Help Center, 2026.
  50. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, "CPSC Warns Consumers to Stop Using Wz-Ei Male-to-Male Extension Cords Immediately," Product Safety Warning 26-355, March 31, 2026.

The Homegrown Intelligence Cell

14 sources
  1. Tara Slough, Jacob Kopas and Johannes Urpelainen, "Satellite-based deforestation alerts with training and incentives for patrolling facilitate community monitoring in the Peruvian Amazon," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, July 12, 2021.
  2. Ross Higgins, Annique Mossou and Logan Williams, "Suez Canal: Satellite Clues on a Stricken Cargo Ship," Bellingcat, March 26, 2021.
  3. NASA Earthdata, "Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS)," NASA.
  4. Carlos Gonzales, "Scorched Earth: Using NASA Fire Data to Monitor War Zones," Bellingcat, October 4, 2022.
  5. Centre for Information Resilience, "More than 200 villages and towns damaged or destroyed by fire since the start of the war in Sudan, with April the worst month on record," Centre for Information Resilience, May 12, 2024.
  6. European Space Agency, "Sentinel-2," ESA.
  7. European Space Agency, "Los Angeles ablaze," ESA, January 8, 2025.
  8. Christopher Giles, "A New Tool Shows What War Has Done to Ukraine's Forests," Bellingcat, August 18, 2023.
  9. European Space Agency, "Emergency response," ESA.
  10. Olivier Dietrich et al., "An Open-Source Tool for Mapping War Destruction at Scale in Ukraine using Sentinel-1 Time Series," arXiv, February 20, 2025.
  11. OpenStreetMap Wiki contributors, "2015 Nepal earthquake," OpenStreetMap Wiki.
  12. Department of the Army, "FM 2-22.3, Human Intelligence Collector Operations," Department of the Army, September 6, 2006, Appendix B, Tables B-1 and B-2, paragraphs B-1 and B-2.
  13. Department of the Army, ADP 3-90, "Offense and Defense," July 31, 2019, para. 2-22.
  14. NOAA Office for Coastal Management and Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, "AIS Vessel Transit Counts 2021," NOAA Office for Coastal Management.

Golden Hour Offset

83 sources
  1. R. S. Kotwal et al., "The Effect of a Golden Hour Policy on the Morbidity and Mortality of Combat Casualties," JAMA Surgery 151, no. 1, January 2016, pp. 15-24.
  2. Thomas S. Helling and W. Sanders Marble, "Surgeons to the Front: Twentieth-Century Warfare and the Metamorphosis of Battlefield Surgery," in The Last 100 Yards: The Crucible of Close Combat in Large-Scale Combat Operations, Army University Press, 2019, p. 206.
  3. Jerome M. Benavides, Linda C. Benavides, Diane F. Hale and Jonathan B. Lundy, "The Golden Hour Offset Surgical Treatment Team Operational Concept: Experience of the 102nd Forward Surgical Team in Operation Freedom's Sentinel 2015-2016," Journal of Special Operations Medicine 17, no. 3, Fall 2017, pp. 46-50.
  4. Jason J. Nam, David J. Milia, Sarah R. Diamond and David M. Gourlay, "A SORT Plus a GHOST Equals: Experience of Two Forward Medical Teams Supporting Special Operations in Afghanistan 2019," Journal of Special Operations Medicine 19, no. 3, Fall 2019, pp. 117-121.
  5. Tim Bongartz, Kevin High, Joshua P. Smith, Jakob Palubicki, Christine Cleaves, Charles Sweigert and Mark D. Buzzelli, "The STEP Method: A Structured Approach to Optimize Team Performance of Army Forward Resuscitative Surgical Detachments (FRSDs)," Journal of Special Operations Medicine 26, no. 1, Spring 2026, p. 43.
  6. Jack Watling, "Emergent Approaches to Combined Arms Manoeuvre in Ukraine," Royal United Services Institute, October 2025, "Medical Support and Resupply," p. 18.
  7. Jay Price, American Homefront Project, "As attack drones grow more common in warfare, it's harder for medics to treat battlefield injuries," Texas Standard, May 18, 2026.
  8. Department of the Army, "Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad," ATP 3-21.8, January 11, 2024, paragraphs 8-32 and 8-43 and glossary.
  9. Joint Trauma System, "Nursing Interventions, Wound Care, and Splint Management in Prolonged Casualty Care," Clinical Practice Guideline 70, July 8, 2025, p. 5.
  10. Joint Trauma System, "Prolonged Casualty Care Guidelines," Clinical Practice Guideline 91, December 21, 2021, rapid update June 2023, pp. 6-8 and 18.
  11. Disruptor_26, "Guerrilla Hacking for Austere Medicine," Light Fighter Manifesto, Volume III, reprinted in Volume IV.
  12. Andrew B. Hagen, John P. Cangialosi, Marc Chenard, Laura Alaka and Sandy Delgado, "Hurricane Helene (AL092024)," Tropical Cyclone Report, National Hurricane Center, February 17, 2026.
  13. Paul Nolan, "Asheville Regional Reflects About Surviving Hurricane Helene," Airport Improvement, May 20, 2025.
  14. Federal Communications Commission, Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau, "Communications Status Report for Areas Impacted by Hurricane Helene," October 1, 2024.
  15. North Carolina National Guard, "North Carolina National Guard Continues Helene Relief in Western NC," press release, October 6, 2024.
  16. North Carolina Department of Transportation, "NCDOT Making Steady Progress But Faces Long Road to Recovery after Hurricane Helene," press release, October 14, 2024.
  17. North Carolina Department of Public Safety, "North Carolina Community Emergency Response Team Volunteers Make an Impact During Hurricane Helene Recovery Efforts," October 16, 2024.
  18. ASPR TRACIE, interview with Wyatt Chocklett by John Hick, "Mission Accomplished: How a Hospital Sheltered in Place, Kept Patients and Staff Safe, and Maintained Operations After Hurricane Helene," ASPR TRACIE Exchange, 2025.
  19. Sophia Gamboa, Paul R. Chelminski and Christopher Shenvi, "Lessons Learned From Helene: The Role of a Rural Community Hospital in Disaster Response After a Major Hurricane," Annals of Emergency Medicine, February 10, 2026.
  20. McChrystal Group, "North Carolina State Emergency Response Team Hurricane Helene After Action Review: Final Report," North Carolina Emergency Management, February 2025, pp. 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 27.
  21. Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, "ASPR's Response to Hurricane Helene."
  22. Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, "Medical Reserve Corps."
  23. Amanda Mlekush, "Answering the call: How the Appalachian Medical Reserve Corps supported the Helene response," App State Today, September 17, 2025.
  24. Federal Emergency Management Agency, "CERT Basic Training Participant Manual," August 2019, Introduction and Units 1, 2 and 4.
  25. Wikipedia contributors, "Valley," section "Terms for valleys" (Hollow), Wikipedia.
  26. Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, "Become a Volunteer," Medical Reserve Corps.
  27. Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, "About the Office of Medical Reserve Corps (MRC)."
  28. 42 U.S.C. 300hh-15, "Volunteer Medical Reserve Corps," Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School.
  29. North Carolina General Statutes, "§ 63-13. Lawfulness of flight," North Carolina General Assembly.
  30. Federal Aviation Administration, "Operating Near Hurricane Recovery Efforts."
  31. American College of Surgeons, "More than 5 million people are now empowered to control bleeding," press release, July 7, 2025.
  32. 42 U.S.C. 14503, "Limitation on liability for volunteers," subsection (a), Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School.
  33. American College of Surgeons, "FAQ," Stop the Bleed.
  34. Wikipedia contributors, "Emergency medical technician," section "Medical direction," Wikipedia, August 28, 2026.
  35. 14 C.F.R. Part 107, "Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems," sections 107.3, 107.12, 107.31 and 107.37, eCFR, October 8, 2026.
  36. Committee on Tactical Combat Casualty Care, "Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) Guidelines," National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians, May 1, 2026, Tactical Field Care, section 6 (Circulation), paragraphs a(2) and g, pp. 5, 7-8.
  37. American Radio Relay League, "Ham Radio Serving Southeast US Recovery Efforts," October 4, 2024.
  38. Federal Emergency Management Agency, "Water," Ready.gov, February 22, 2021.
  39. National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, "Water," EMT Toolbox, section 6.3.1, World Health Organization emergency medical team minimum technical standard.
  40. Light Fighter Manifesto, "Powering the Front," Volume V.
  41. ResMed, "AirSense 11 DC/DC Converter," product page, Resmed Shop UK.
  42. Joseph Serowik and Jakub Szulczyk, "Powering the Front: Tactical Energy Delivery and Management in the Ukraine War," CALL No. 26-1116, Center for Army Lessons Learned, March 2026, Annex B, Vignettes A and C, pp. 18-19.
  43. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Carbon Monoxide (CO) Poisoning Basics," October 26, 2026.
  44. Federal Emergency Management Agency, "Power Outages," Ready.gov, June 4, 2026.
  45. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, "Information Regarding Insulin Storage and Switching Between Products in an Emergency," September 28, 2026.
  46. U.S. Geological Survey, "USGS WaterAlert."
  47. National Weather Service, "NOAA Weather Radio."
  48. National Weather Service, "SKYWARN."
  49. Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, "HHS emPOWER Program," "About emPOWER Map" and "Outreach Individual Dataset."
  50. FEMA Emergency Management Institute, "IS-317.A: Introduction to Community Emergency Response Team (CERTs)," May 1, 2020.
  51. FEMA Emergency Management Institute, "IS-100.C: Introduction to the Incident Command System," course date June 25, 2018.
  52. FEMA Emergency Management Institute, "IS-700.B: An Introduction to the National Incident Management System," course date June 25, 2018.
  53. ATV Safety Institute, "ATV RiderCourse" and "ATV eCourse."
  54. American Red Cross, "First Aid Classes" and "CPR Certification."
  55. National Child Traumatic Stress Network, "Psychological First Aid (PFA) Online," March 2022.
  56. Texas A&M Engineering Extension Service, "NFPA 1006 Swiftwater Technician Training (RES402)."
  57. North Carolina Office of Emergency Medical Services, "EMT Education Program Requirements," October 25, 2021.
  58. NOLS, "Wilderness First Aid" and "Wilderness First Responder (WFR)."
  59. 14 C.F.R. 61.103 and 61.109, eCFR, October 8, 2026.
  60. National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians, "EMT Certification Process."
  61. Wikipedia contributors, "General aviation," Wikipedia, April 3, 2026.
  62. Rebecca Gallas, North Carolina Department of Transportation Division of Aviation, "[Helene Update] Ensuring Safe Air Operations," email to airport partners, October 5, 2024.
  63. American Radio Relay League, "Helene - Storm Updates," September 30, 2024.
  64. Zachary Turner, WFAE, "A volunteer recovery effort is underway to reach isolated communities in North Carolina," NPR, October 6, 2024.
  65. Wikipedia contributors, "Side-by-side (vehicle)," Wikipedia, October 9, 2026.
  66. Karl Plume and Nathan Frandino, "By mule and helicopter, volunteers deliver aid to Helene victims," Reuters, October 5, 2024.
  67. Associated Press, "Supplies arrive by plane and by mule in North Carolina as Helene's death toll tops 130," September 30, 2024, via The Trucker.
  68. Nathan Rott, "North Carolina communities hit hard by Helene need food, water and medicines," NPR, Morning Edition, October 4, 2024.
  69. 14 C.F.R. 61.113, "Private pilot privileges and limitations: Pilot in command," eCFR, October 8, 2026.
  70. 47 C.F.R. 87.18, "Station license required," eCFR, October 30, 2026.
  71. 49 C.F.R. 383.91, 380.609, 391.11 and 391.45, eCFR, October 8, 2026.
  72. North Carolina Division of Motor Vehicles, "Get a Commercial Driver License," North Carolina Department of Transportation, June 1, 2026.
  73. Federal Aviation Administration, "Become a Certificated Remote Pilot."
  74. American Radio Relay League, "Upgrading to a General License."
  75. 47 C.F.R. 97.501 and 97.503, eCFR, October 26, 2026.
  76. American Radio Relay League, "Getting Licensed" and "FCC Application Fee."
  77. 47 C.F.R. Part 95, Subpart E, General Mobile Radio Service, sections 95.1705 and 95.1731, eCFR, October 26, 2026.
  78. North Carolina Department of Transportation, "NCDOT and Partners Capturing Helene Impacts from the Sky," October 9, 2024.
  79. Jim Magill, "Private Drone Operators Deliver Aid After Hurricane Helene," DRONELIFE, October 11, 2024.
  80. Federal Aviation Administration, "Emergency Situations," June 16, 2026.
  81. 14 C.F.R. Part 103, "Ultralight Vehicles," sections 103.1 to 103.17, eCFR, October 8, 2026.
  82. FEMA Emergency Management Institute, "Independent Study Program: Frequently Asked Questions," National Disaster and Emergency Management University.
  83. Federal Emergency Management Agency, "National Disaster & Emergency Management University (NDEMU)," home page.

Tactical Decision Game

20 sources
  1. U.S. Army, TC 3-21.76, Ranger Handbook, April 26, 2017, "Standing Orders, Rogers' Rangers," p. xx, table 2-9, and paras 2-6, 2-7, 7-14 and 7-43.
  2. Headquarters, Department of the Army, "FM 5-0, Planning and Orders Production," November 4, 2024, incorporating Change 1, August 8, 2025, paras 7-3 and 7-6 and appendix D, figure D-2.
  3. U.S. Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center, "TC 31-29/A, Special Forces Caching Techniques," undated, "Caching," "Planning for a Caching Operation," "Selection of the Site," "Methods of Emplacement," "Recovery" and "The Cache Report."
  4. U.S. Naval Observatory, Astronomical Applications Department, "Sun and Moon Data for One Day," February 6 and 7, 2027, UTC-5, https://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/RS_OneDay.
  5. NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, "NOAA Solar Calculator," solar position equations and glossary, https://gml.noaa.gov/grad/solcalc/; EENT and BMNT computed from these equations.
  6. Headquarters, Department of the Army, "FM 1-02, Operational Terms and Graphics," September 21, 2004, "Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes," "BMNT" and "EENT."
  7. Headquarters, Department of the Army, "ATP 3-21.8, Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad," January 11, 2024, paras 2-16, 2-19, 2-20, 2-24, 2-112, 2-122, 3-23, 3-36 and 6-107.
  8. Josiah M. Turner, "Tactical Communication Survivability in the Hyper-Lethal Battlespace," No. 26-1171, Transformation and Lessons Learned Manager-Army, U.S. Army Combined Arms Command, July 2026, p. 3.
  9. Department of the Army, TC 3-90.10, "Brigade Combat Team Cover, Concealment, and Camouflage," June 25, 2026, paras 1-6, 5-21, 5-36, 5-37 and 6-4.
  10. Starlink, "What is bypass mode?," Starlink Help Center, https://www.starlink.com/support/article/a0fe8d51-32f7-d2b9-d74a-801e31ad9f6a.
  11. Hytera, "HM782 Digital Mobile Radio," datasheet.
  12. U.S. Army, ATP 6-02.53, Techniques for Tactical Radio Operations, January 7, 2016, paras 3-8, 12-16 and 12-50.
  13. Light Fighter Manifesto, "Light Fighter Course Field Guide," 2024, sections 1.1, 1.2 and 1.4, pp. 4, 5 and 12-14.
  14. Valerie Homier, Danny Brouard, Michael Nolan, Marie-Andrée Roy, Patricia Pelletier, Melissa McDonald, François de Champlain, Elene Khalil, Frederic Grou-Boileau and Richard Fleet, "Drone versus ground delivery of simulated blood products to an urban trauma center: The Montreal Medi-Drone pilot study," Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 90, no. 3, March 2021, pp. 515-521, table 1.
  15. Joint Trauma System, "Aerial Delivery of Fresh and Stored Blood Products," guideline, December 1, 2025, "Tactical Considerations and Execution Plan," pp. 6-7.
  16. ExpressLRS, "Gemini," ExpressLRS documentation, https://www.expresslrs.org/software/gemini/.
  17. Ringmast4r, "Wardriving: Pattern of Life," Light Fighter Manifesto, Volume V.
  18. Don Shift, "SHTF Tactical Drone Manual: A Prepared Citizen's Guide," 2024, drone-spotting section, p. 48.
  19. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, "U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020," monthly and hourly normals, February, stations near the terrain, downloaded October 29, 2026.
  20. Headquarters, Department of the Army, "FM 3-21.38, Pathfinder Operations," April 25, 2006, paras 4-42, 4-44 and 6-46.